Designed nanoparticles enable multivalent display of influenza hemagglutinin to drive rapid, potent, durable, and cross-reactive antibody responses

Protein & Cell, 10 July, 2026, DOI：https://doi.org/10.1093/procel/pwag046

Designed nanoparticles enable multivalent display of influenza hemagglutinin to drive rapid, potent, durable, and cross-reactive antibody responses

Pan Liu, Yongyi Xi, Jiali Deng, Shiqiang Luo, Tianci Liu, Chujun Ding, Qianhui Zhu, Lan He, Mingkai Li, Nan Wang, Yong Liu, Xiangxi Wang

Abstract

Influenza virus (IV) continues to pose a substantial global public health burden. Despite the widespread deployment of seasonal vaccines, influenza is responsible for approximately one billion cases annually worldwide, including 3–5 million cases of severe illness and 290,000–650,000 respiratory deaths each year (World Health Organization, 2025). Current vaccines primarily confer protection by eliciting strain-specific antibody responses against hemagglutinin (HA); however, their effectiveness is frequently compromised by antigenic drift (Bedford et al., 2015), as well as the limited magnitude and durability of humoral immunity (Ellebedy et al., 2016). In particular, soluble or monomeric antigens often fail to efficiently cross-link and activate B cell receptors, resulting in suboptimal germinal center (GC) responses and impaired antibody maturation (Mukherjee et al., 2013). These limitations underscore an urgent need for next-generation vaccine strategies capable of enhancing the magnitude, quality, and breadth of antibody responses.

文章链接：

https://academic.oup.com/proteincell/advance-article/doi/10.1093/procel/pwag046/8731965