The Innovation, 6 February, 2026, DOI：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xinn.2026.101307
Transformative biomechanics and mechanobiology breakthroughs shaping the future of health and medicine
Long Li, Jing Ji, He Ren, Lilan Gao, Xiaona Li, Ning Li, Songbai Zhang, Kai Tang, Zedong Li, Weiyan Ren, Qing-ping Yao, Kai Huang, He Gong, Yingfeng Shao, Xianglong Lin, Xin Wang, Xiuqing Qian, Jie Song, Yiran Jiang, Hui Chen, Bo Che, Dongyuan Lü, Yu Du, Fan Feng, Yanli Liu, Yan Li, Meiying Luo, Ruotian Du, Cunyu Zhang, Guanshuo Hu, Yufei Ma, Shutong Wang, Rui Yang, Fang Pu, Bingjie Xiang, Ming Zhang, Xinghua Shi, Lizhen Wang, Bo Li, Damir Kra?un, Qian Chen, Ahmed Elsheikh, Zi-Jun Liu, Baoyu Liu, Chuanrong Zhao, Yonggang Lü, Zhu Zeng, Zhiyong Li, Yiyao Liu, Guixue Wang, Wenchang Tan, Chunqiu Zhang, Min Zhang, Jizhong Lou, Youhua Tan, Linhong Deng, Mian Long, Ying-Xin Qi, Weiyi Chen, Feng Xu, Yubo Fan, Fan Song
Abstract
The mechanical environments endured by the human body profoundly influence life activities across different scales, from single molecules to complicated systems. Gaining insight into the mechanical factors and their biological implications is crucial for deciphering physiological and pathological processes and advancing innovations in drug development and therapeutic approaches for various diseases. Recently, we have witnessed rapid advances in biomechanics and mechanobiology, which, however, are not fully recognized by the clinical community and effectively integrated into medical decision-making, highlighting a translational gap between mechano-based discovery and therapeutic application. Here, we first provide a comprehensive review of research progress in biomechanics and mechanobiology, focusing on key areas such as the cardiovascular system, bone and joints, ocular tissues, liver, lung, the craniomandibular system, cancer, and immunology. We demonstrate how mechanical cues drive health and disease across biological levels, offering insights into complex physiological and pathological mechanisms. Further, we explore the diverse applications of biomechanics and mechanobiology in disease diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Mechanical insights fuel medical innovations through advanced diagnostic tools, novel therapies, and effective rehabilitation protocols, enhancing clinical outcomes. Looking ahead, we outline future directions of biomechanics and mechanobiology, emphasizing interdisciplinary integration, artificial intelligence, model development, and extreme environments, which hold the promise to deepen scientific understanding and propel technological innovations. This review highlights the transformative potential of biomechanics and mechanobiology in driving scientific and clinical advancements and helps bridge the long-standing gap between biomechanical research and clinical practice.
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